资料来源: 罗伯特 E.Sallis,马里兰州凯萨医疗机构,丰塔纳,加利福尼亚州美国
脚下是一个复杂的结构,组成无数的骨骼和关节。它提供了灵活性,是必不可少的接触点所需的移动,和是唯一适合吸收冲击。因为脚必须支持整个身体的重量,所以它很容易损伤和疼痛。检查脚,时,重要的是删除的鞋子和袜子两侧,这样整个脚可以检查和比较。它是重要密切比较向健侧的受伤或痛苦的脚。脚的评价的重要组成部分包括检查,触诊 (其中应包括血管评估),测试范围的议案 (ROM) 和强度,以及神经功能评价。
1.检验
2.触诊
与病人坐,触诊,压痛,肿胀或使用提示的食指和中指的脚畸形。
3.运动范围 (ROM)
MTP 关节和脚趾应该评估第一次主动的然后被动,比较两个脚和检查有限的运动和/或疼痛。
4.强度试验
作为抵制等长收缩运动情况下,进行强度测试。检查肌肉无力和/或疼痛。
5.感觉
轻轻地碰它用你的指尖在以下几个方面,通过比较一侧到另为赤字评估在脚下的感觉。
Examination of the foot is best done with the patient first in a standing and then sitting position. The exam should follow a stepwise approach, and it is important that shoes and socks be removed from both of the patient's feet to allow easy inspection and comparison. The exam should begin with inspection, looking for asymmetry between the involved and uninvolved foot. Palpation of key structures is done next, looking for tenderness, swelling, or deformity. This is followed with assessing ROM in the forefoot and toes, first actively and then passively. Next, the same motions are tested against resistance to assess the strength and look for pain or weakness. Finally, the sensation across the dorsal and plantar surfaces of the foot is assessed by lightly touching in these areas.
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