Method Article
Herein, we present a protocol to use heat shock protein 27 (HSP27)-specific small interfering RNA to assess the function of HSP27 during corneal epithelial wound healing. RNA interference is the best method for effectively knocking-down gene expression to investigate protein function in various cell types.
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is among the most widely used RNA interference methods for the short-term silencing of protein-coding genes. siRNA is a synthetic RNA duplex created to specifically target a mRNA transcript to induce its degradation and it has been used to identify novel pathways in various cellular processes. Few reports exist regarding the role of phosphorylated heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in corneal epithelial wound healing. Herein, cultured human corneal epithelial cells were divided into a scrambled control-siRNA transfected group and a HSP27-specific siRNA-transfected group. Scratch-induced directional wounding assays, and western blotting, and flow cytometry were then performed. We conclude that HSP27 has roles in corneal epithelial wound healing that may involve epithelial cell apoptosis and migration. Here, step-by-step descriptions of sample preparation and the study protocol are provided.
角膜上皮细胞(CEC上)不断脱落到泪膜,而他们同时由角膜缘和角膜上皮基底层细胞所替代。1各种外在压力能促使中欧国家的凋亡和脱屑。2热休克蛋白(HSP)是高度保守的,并且可以根据分子大小被分为两个家族。3最大HSP家族包括HSP90,HSP70和HSP60,而较小的家族包括HSP27 4 HSP27的磷酸化是已知在细胞存活中起重要作用和所需的细胞迁移,因为这种蛋白在肌动蛋白重塑的作用。5-7。因此,我们试图测试上皮伤口愈合的体外模型HSP27磷酸化在CEC迁移和凋亡的潜在作用。
RNA干扰或者使用小或短干扰RNA(RNAi)技术(siRNA)的有GE在基础和应用生物学nerated兴趣,因为它可能允许击倒任何感兴趣的基因的表达。8在此,我们使用的特定HSP27-siRNA转以评估HSP27的给CEC伤口愈合和细胞凋亡的贡献。传统的RNAi方法在细胞中的基因敲除使用合成的RNA双链体,包括可组装到创建的siRNAs 2未修饰21聚体寡核苷酸。所述RNAi的siRNA,我们在此本研究中使用的是转染细胞的简单高效的方法,以及该试剂可与各种永生化细胞系。在此研究中,我们证明用于该分析的方法,包括一个刮诱导定向伤口测定法,western印迹,siRNA转染测定法,免疫荧光测定法,和流式细胞术。
1.细胞系
2. Western印迹分析创建上皮擦伤伤口后,
3. siRNA转染分析10
4. Western blot检测用于siRNA转染细胞11
5.划痕引起的定向伤人分析评估细胞迁移12
凋亡6.流式细胞仪分析
在5,10磷酸化HSP27的表达显著上升,划痕后30分钟,未受伤的HCECs 13伤人比较。免疫印迹分析表明,磷酸HSP27和磷酸化Akt的表达均被显著降低,而Bax的表达在特定HSP27-siRNA转染HCECs( 图1A-E)中的显著增加。减少了30%,在10nM的40%和HSP27特异性为50nM的siRNA转染的细胞,分别与对照siRNA转染的细胞,但磷酸化HSP27表达相比没有减少( 图1A-B中的磷酸化的HSP27表达)。此外,降低了非磷酸HSP27表达了20%和30%中为10nM和50nM HSP27特异性siRNA转染的细胞,分别,但非磷酸HSP27表达没有减少( 图1A和C的</ STRONG>)。
刮擦诱导定向伤人分析表明,在伤人,HSP27特异性siRNA转染细胞24小时后在10和50处具有降低的迁移( 图2)。此外,特定的HSP27-siRNA转染HCECs与通过流式细胞术( 图3)加扰对照siRNA转染的细胞相比,接受更多的凋亡和坏死性细胞死亡。
使用抗磷酸化的HSP27(对HSP27),非磷酸化HSP27(非对HSP27),磷酸化Akt(磷酸化Akt),为细胞存活标记,非磷酸化的Akt( 图1的Western印迹分析的非p-Akt蛋白),BCL-2eassociated X蛋白(BAX)作为促凋亡蛋白和GAPDH(A)。磷酸化和非磷酸化HSP27的表达磷酸化Akt显著下降(B - D)中 ,但是,Bax的表达在具体的HSP27-siRNA转染HCECs(E)的显著增加,与在对照siRNA转染的细胞中观察到相比(所有的p <0.05)。用30%和10nM的40%,与模拟控制,分别比较HSP27特异性为50nM的siRNA转染的细胞减少磷酸化的HSP27的表达,但磷酸化HSP27表达没有在10nM的减少和对照siRNA的50nM的-transfected细胞(B)。 **,*; †,††; ‡,‡‡; §,§§:组间有统计学显著差异(p <0.05)。误差条表示标准偏差(SD)。 请点击此处查看该图的放大版本。
<加扰控制siRNA和标记的膜联蛋白V和PI(A和B)特定HSP27-siRNA转染的人角膜上皮细胞(HCECs)的50纳米的登记/> 图3.流式细胞术。总细胞的象限的百分比对应于早期凋亡细胞(膜联蛋白V阳性和PI阴性细胞,Q4,右下),晚期凋亡细胞(膜联蛋白V阳性和PI阳性细胞,Q2,右上),和坏死细胞(膜联蛋白V-阴性和PI阳性细胞中,Q 1,左上)。具体HSP27-的siRNA转染HCECs具有比对照siRNA转染的细胞更凋亡和坏死的细胞死亡。 请点击此处查看该图的放大版本。
In this present study, we evaluated the potential role of HSP27 in corneal epithelial wounding using in vitro approaches. The critical steps involved siRNA transfection for HSP27 knock-down to observe the function of HSP27 in cells subjected to stress. Notably, a role for HSP27 was revealed by these experiments in epithelial cell migration and apoptosis during corneal epithelial wound healing. Unlike previous studies10 that used rat HSP27-specific siRNA to transfect vascular smooth muscle cells, we used a siRNA transfection technique to modify gene expression in human CECs to effectively knock-down HSP27-specific gene expression and study HSP27 function. Although there were differences in the target sequence that we used as well as in the cell density, final siRNA concentration, and incubation time, the protocol recommended by the manufacturer was explicitly followed. In terms of alternative methods, HSP27 knock-out mouse may be used to show if HSP27 phosphorylation involves epithelial migration and cell apoptosis. However, it is difficult to monitor the change of HSP27 phosphorylation in mouse model, because its phosphorylation occurs in very short period during epithelial wound healing.
There were several limitations to the present study. First, the in vitro environment in which we cultured human CECs certainly differed from the in vivo environment for human CECs, especially regarding cell survival. Second, the siRNA used in this study was not specific to the phosphorylated form of HSP27 as it affected the overall expression levels of HSP27, including both phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated forms.
In the future, a clinical application of these procedures would be to apply HSP27 to live human wounded corneas. We hope that the current findings will help to advance treatments of corneal epithelial tissue damage.
笔者在本研究中提及的任何材料或方法没有财务或专有权益。
这项研究是由医学,韩国首尔,蔚山大学学院的学生研究资助(13-14),并从峨山生命科学研究所,韩国首尔赠款(2014-464)的支持。
Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Biological safety cabinet | CHC LAB Co.Ltd, Daejeon, Republic of Korea | CHC-777A2-06 | Class II, Type A2 |
Stealth RNAi™ siRNA | Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA | RNAi siRNA; scrambled control-siRNA and HSP27-specific siRNA | |
BEGMTM | Lonza, Inc., Walkersville, MD | CC-3171, CC4175 | Bronchial epithelium growth medium |
Protease inhibitor | Sigma-Aldrich, Inc., St. Louis, MO | P8340 ,P7626 | 1 μM Pepstatin A, 1 μM Leupeptin, 0.1 μM Aprotinin |
Bradford protein assay | Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA | #500-0001 | Bradford protein assay |
Nitrocellulose filters | Amersham, Little Chalfont, UK | RPN3032D | Western blotting membrane |
Non-phosphorylated HSP27 | Abcam Inc., Cambridge, MA | ab12351 | 1:1,000 dilution (Total HSP27) |
Phosphorylated HSP27 (Ser85) | Abcam Inc., Cambridge, MA | ab5594 | 1:1,000 dilution HSP27 was phosphorylated at Ser85 |
Lipofectamine® RNAiMAX reagent | Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA | 13-778-075 | Transfection reagent |
Phosphorylated Akt (Ser473) | Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA | No. 4060 | 1:1,000 dilution Akt was phosphorylated at Ser473 (cell survival marker) |
Non-phosphorylated Akt | Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA | No. 4061 | 1:1,000 dilution (Total Akt) |
Bcl-2-associated X protein | Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA | No. 4062 | 1:1,000 (anti-apoptotic protein marker) |
GAPDH | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA | No. 4063 | 1:1,000 loading control marker (house keeping gene) |
Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibodies | Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA | NCI1460KR | 1:10,000 dilution |
OPTI-MEM | Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA | 31985 | reduced serum medium for transfection |
Image analysis software | Olympus, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Image-Pro Plus 5.0 | |
Skimed milk powder | Carl Roth GmbH + Co. KG, Karlstruhe, Germany | T145.2 | |
Tris | Amresco LCC, Inc. Solon, OH | No-0497 | |
Sodium Chloride | Amresco LCC, Inc. Solon, OH | No-0241 | |
Six well culture plate | Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA | 140675 | 35.00 mm diameter / well |
24-well culuture dish | Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA | 142475 | |
Orbital shaker | N-Bioteck, Inc., Seoul, South Korea | NB1015 | |
Bovine serum albumin | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA | sc-2323 | |
BDFACSCantoTM II | BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ | Flow cytometry | |
X-Ray Film | Kodak, Rochester, NY | Medical X-Ray Cassette with Green 400 Screen | |
western blotting luminol reagent | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA | sc-2048 | |
FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I | BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ | 556547 |
请求许可使用此 JoVE 文章的文本或图形
请求许可This article has been published
Video Coming Soon
版权所属 © 2025 MyJoVE 公司版权所有,本公司不涉及任何医疗业务和医疗服务。