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Chapitre 1

Unités, dimensions et mesures

L'étendue de la physique
L'étendue de la physique
Physics is concerned with the interactions of energy, matter, space, and time, in order to discover the underlying mechanisms that underpin all phenomena. ...
Ordres de grandeur
Ordres de grandeur
The order of magnitude of a number is the power of 10 that most closely approximates it. Thus, the order of magnitude estimates the scale (or size) of its ...
Modèles, théories et lois
Modèles, théories et lois
Scientists frequently use models to help them comprehend a specific collection of phenomena. In physics, a model is a condensed version of a physical ...
Unités et références de mesure
Unités et références de mesure
A physical quantity is defined either by specifying its measurement method or by stating how it is calculated from other measurements. For example, ...
Estimation des grandeurs physiques
Estimation des grandeurs physiques
On many occasions, physicists, other scientists, and engineers need to make estimates of a particular quantity. These are sometimes referred to as ...
Unités de base et unités dérivées
Unités de base et unités dérivées
In any system of units, the units for some physical quantities must be specified through a measurement process. These measurements are the base quantities ...
Conversion des unités
Conversion des unités
Sometimes, there is a need to convert from one unit to another one. For instance, reading a cookbook in which quantities are expressed in units of liters ...
Exactitude et précision
Exactitude et précision
Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy ...
Erreurs systématiques et aléatoires
Erreurs systématiques et aléatoires
Scientists always try their best to record measurements with the utmost accuracy and precision. However, sometimes errors do occur. These errors can be ...
Les chiffres significatifs
Les chiffres significatifs
In any measurement, the precision of the measuring tool is an essential factor. An ordinary ruler, for example, can measure length to the closest ...
Chiffres significatifs dans les calculs
Chiffres significatifs dans les calculs
Uncertainty in measurements can be avoided by reporting the results of a calculation with the correct number of significant figures. This can be ...
Analyse dimensionnelle
Analyse dimensionnelle
The concept of dimension is important because every mathematical equation linking physical quantities must be dimensionally consistent, implying that ...
Résolution de problèmes : analyse dimensionnelle
Résolution de problèmes : analyse dimensionnelle
Every mathematical equation that connects separate distinct physical quantities must be dimensionally consistent, which implies it must abide by two ...
Résoudre les problèmes de physique
Résoudre les problèmes de physique
Problem-solving is the ability to apply general physical principles to specific situations, usually expressed by equations. It is an essential skill in ...
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