A. Microfabricação do dispositivo de geração de gradiente microfluídicos <ol><li> O wafer Si é tratada com plasma de oxigênio reativo (5 min de 30W, Harrick Científico, NY). </li><li> Fotorresiste negativo (SU-8 50, Microchem, MA) é spin-revestido a 1000 rpm por 1 min em um wafer de silício. </li><li> O wafer é mole cozido a 65 ° C por 10 min e, posteriormente, a 95 ° C por 30 min em uma placa. </li><li> O wafer é exposto à luz UV (200W) por 3 minutos através de uma máscara de transparência com uma dimensão mínima de 30 mm. </li><li> O wafer é pós cozido a 65 ° C por 1 min e em 95 ° C por 10 min. </li><li> Si molde mestre com 100 canais mm de espessura é desenvolvido usando SU-8 desenvolvedor fotorresiste. </li><li> O wafer contendo microcanais é colocado em um prato de Petri. </li><li> Moldes de poli (dimetilsiloxano) (PDMS) (Sylgard 184) são fabricados pela mistura de elastômero de silicone e um agente de cura (10:1). </li><li> A mistura PDMS é derramado no molde mestre Si. </li><li> O molde mestre Si é colocada em um dessecador de vácuo para remover as bolhas por 10 min. </li><li> PDMS é curado a 70 ° C por 1 ~ 2 horas. </li><li> Moldes PDMS são descascadas do molde mestre Si. </li></ol> B. configuração Experimental <ol><li> Entrada de celulares, de saída, e infundindo entradas do dispositivo PDMS baseado microfluídicos são perfurados utilizando perfuradores afiados. </li><li> Um dispositivo e uma lâmina de vidro (2 × 3 polegadas) estão irreversivelmente ligados pelo plasma reativas de oxigênio (5 min de 30W, Harrick Científico, NY). </li><li> Tubos de polietileno (PE 20, Becton Dickinon, MD) é inserido na infundindo entradas do dispositivo micro e posteriormente ligado a uma bomba de seringa. </li><li> Isotiocianato de fluoresceína (FITC)-dextran (MW = 10kD, 10 mM, Sigma) e buffer (PBS, Invitrogen, CA) são infundidas no dispositivo microfluídicos para confirmar gradientes estáveis ​​dentro do dispositivo fluídico. </li><li> Matriz extracelular (ECM) (ie, fibronectina) é revestido no interior do dispositivo micro por 1 hora em incubadora (37 ° C). </li><li> Células de fibroblastos NIH 3T3 são tripsinizados e dissociado. </li><li> Células dissociadas são carregados para o dispositivo micro (800 m de largura) na densidade de células de 2 × 10 6 células / ml. </li><li> 2 media ml e 50 ng / ml do fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) é infundida em um dispositivo micro para gerar gradientes solúveis utilizando uma bomba de seringa (0,05 mL / min). </li><li> Células são monitorados em tempo real a cada 5 minutos usando um microscópio invertido (Nikon TE 2000). </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Jeon, N. L., Baskaran, H., Dertinger, S. K. W., Whitesides, G. M., Van de Water, L., Toner, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neutrophil+chemotaxis+in+linear+and+complex+gradients+of+interleukin-8+formed+in+a+microfabricated+device.">Neutrophil chemotaxis in linear and complex gradients of interleukin-8 formed in a microfabricated device.</a> Nat. Biotechnol. 20, 826-830 (2002).</li><li>Lin, F., Nguyen, C. M., Wang, S. J., Saadi, W., Gross, S. P., Jeon, N. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effective+neutrophil+chemotaxis+is+strongly+influenced+by+mean+IL-8+concentration.">Effective neutrophil chemotaxis is strongly influenced by mean IL-8 concentration.</a> Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 319, 576-581 (2004).</li><li>Chung, B. G., Flanagan, L. A., Rhee, S. W., Schwartz, P. H., Lee, A. P., Monuki, E. S., Jeon, N. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+neural+stem+cell+growth+and+differentiation+in+a+gradient-generating+microfluidic+device.">Human neural stem cell growth and differentiation in a gradient-generating microfluidic device.</a> Lab Chip. 5, 401-406 (2005).</li><li>Saadi, W., Wang, S. J., Lin, F., Jeon, N. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+parallel-gradient+microfluidic+chamber+for+quantitative+analysis+of+breast+cancer+cell+chemotaxis.">A parallel-gradient microfluidic chamber for quantitative analysis of breast cancer cell chemotaxis.</a> Biomed. Microdevices. 8, 109-118 (2007).</li><li>Chung, B. G., Park, J. W., Hu, J. S., Huang, C., Monuki, E. S., Jeon, N. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+hybrid+microfluidic-vacuum+device+for+interfacing+with+conventional+cell+culture+platform.">A hybrid microfluidic-vacuum device for interfacing with conventional cell culture platform.</a> BMC Biotechnol. 7, (2007).</li></ol>

Células expostas a gradientes de concentração estável de EGF em um dispositivo micro migraram para concentrações mais elevadas. A orientação direcional de migração celular, índice quimiotático, motilidade das células migrando foram investigadas pela análise de células de rastreamento. Portanto, esta plataforma de geração de gradiente microfluídicos poderia ser útil para estudar metástase de câncer, a embriogênese, e orientação axônio.

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		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>Dextran-FITC</td>
<td>Reagent</td>
<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
<td>FD10S </td>
<td>Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated-dextran (10kD)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hr-EGF</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>13247-051 </td>
<td>human recombinant Epidermal growth factor </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PDMS</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>K.R. Anderson Co. Inc.</td>
<td>2065622 </td>
<td>Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), Dow Corning Sylgard 184 (8.6 lb)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Negative photoresist </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Microchem</td>
<td>SU-8 50</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Si wafer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>silicone wafer, 4 inch</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Petri dishes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Polyethylene tubing </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Becton Dickinon</td>
<td>PE 20</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>PBS</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Fibronectin</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>NIH 3T3 </td>
<td>cell-line</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>fibroblast cells</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Inverted microscope</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Nikon </td>
<td>TE 2000</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>
			<div>
					</div>

a gradient-generating microfluidic device for cell biology

A fabricação e operação de um dispositivo de geração de gradiente microfluídicos para estudar o comportamento celular é descrito. Uma plataforma microfluídica é uma ferramenta que permite experimental, precisamente porque pode manipular fluxos de líquidos, permitem alto rendimento experiências, e gerar gradientes de concentração estável solúvel. Comparado com os geradores gradiente convencional, poli (dimetilsiloxano) (PDMS) com base em dispositivos microfluídicos pode gerar gradientes de concentração de fatores de crescimento estável, com perfis bem definidos. Aqui, nós desenvolvemos simples gradiente de geração de dispositivos microfluídicos com três entradas distintas. Três microcanais combinados em um microcanal de gerar gradientes de concentração. A estabilidade ea forma de gradientes de fator de crescimento foram confirmados por fluoresceína isothyiocyanate (FITC)-dextran com peso molecular semelhante ao fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF). Usando este dispositivo micro, foi demonstrado que fibroblastos expostos a gradientes de concentração de EGF migraram para concentrações mais elevadas. A orientação direcional de migração celular e motilidade das células migrando foram quantitativamente avaliados por análise de células de rastreamento. Assim, este dispositivo de geração de gradiente microfluídicos pode ser útil para estudar e analisar o comportamento das células migratórias.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Gradient-generating Microfluidic Device for Cell Biology at JoVE.com

A Gradient-generating Microfluidic Device for Cell Biology

Nós descrevemos um protocolo para a microfabricação do dispositivo de geração de gradiente microfluídicos que pode gerar gradientes espaciais e temporais bem definidos em microambiente. Nesta abordagem, o dispositivo de geração de gradiente microfluídicos pode ser usado para estudar a migração celular dirigido, a embriogênese, cicatrização de feridas, e metástase de câncer.

Um dispositivo de geração de Gradient microfluídicos de Biologia Celular

 The fabrication and operation of a gradient-generating microfluidic device for studying cellular behavior is described.  A microfluidic platform is an ...

a-gradient-generating-microfluidic-device-for-cell-biology

Nanyang Technological University

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

15.2K visualizações.  Brigham and Women's Hospital. Nós descrevemos um protocolo para a microfabricação do dispositivo de geração de gradiente microfluídicos que pode gerar gradientes espaciais e temporais bem definidos em microambiente. Nesta abordagem, o dispositivo de geração de gradiente microfluídicos pode ser usado para estudar a migração celular dirigido, a embriogênese, cicatrização de feridas, e metástase de câncer.

Vídeo: A Gradient-generating Microfluidic Device for Cell Biology

Fabrication of a Microfluidic Device for the Compartmentalization of Neuron Soma and Axons

In this video, we demonstrate the technique of soft lithography with polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) which we use to fabricate a microfluidic device for culturing neurons. Previously, a silicon wafer was patterned with the design for the neuron microfluidic device using SU-8 and photolithography to create a master mold, or what we simply refer to as a "master". Next, we pour the silicon polymer PDMS on top of the master which is then cured by heating the PDMS to 80&deg;C for 1 hour. The PDMS forms a negative mold of the device. The PDMS is then carefully cut and lifted away from the master. Holes are punched where the reservoirs will be and the excess PDMS trimmed away from the device. Nitrogen is used to blow away any excess debris from the device. At this point the devices are now ready for use and can either bonded to corning No. 1 cover glass with a plasma sterilizer/cleaner or can be reversibly bound to the cover glass by simply placing the device on top of the cover glass. The reversible bonding of the device to glass is covered in a separate video and requires first that the device be sterilized either with 70% ethanol or by autoclaving. Plasma treating sterilizes the devices so no further treatment is necessary. It is, however, important, when plasma-treating the devices, to add liquid to the devices within 10 minutes of the plasma treatment while the surfaces are still hydrophilic. Waiting longer than 10 minutes to add liquid to the device makes it difficult for the liquid to enter the device. The neuron devices are typically plasma-bound to cover glass and 0.5 mg/ml poly-L-lysine (PLL) in pH 8.5 borate buffer is immediately added to the device. After a minimum of 3 hours incubating with PLL, the devices are washed with dH2O water a minimum of 3 times with at least 15 minutes between each wash. Next, the water is removed and fresh media is added to the device. At this point the device is ready for use. It is important to remember at this point to never remove all the media from the device. Always leave media in the main channel.

In this video we demonstrate the technique of soft lithography with polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) which we use to farbricate a microfluidic device for culturing neurons.

Fabricação de um dispositivo micro para a compartimentação de Neuron Soma e axônios

In this video, we demonstrate the technique of soft lithography with polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) which we use to fabricate a microfluidic device for ...

Biologia

A Microfluidic Device with Groove Patterns for Studying Cellular Behavior

We describe a microfluidic device with microgrooved patterns for studying cellular behavior. This microfluidic platform consists of a top fluidic channel and a bottom microgrooved substrate. To fabricate the microgrooved channels, a top poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) mold containing the impression of the microfluidic channels was aligned and bonded to a microgrooved substrate. Using this device, mouse fibroblast cells were immobilized and patterned within microgrooved substrates (25, 50, 75, and 100 &mu;m wide). To study apoptosis in a microfluidic device, media containing hydrogen peroxide, Annexin V, and propidium iodide was perfused into the fluidic channel for 2 hours. We found that cells exposed to the oxidative stress became apoptotic. These apoptotic cells were confirmed by Annexin V that bound to phosphatidylserine at the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane during the apoptosis process. Using this microfluidic device with microgrooved patterns, the apoptosis process was observed in real-time and analyzed by using an inverted microscope containing an incubation chamber (37&deg;C, 5% CO2). Therefore, this microfluidic device incorporated with microgrooved substrates could be useful for studying the cellular behavior and performing high-throughput drug screening.

We describe a protocol for the fabrication of microfluidic devices that can enable cell capture and culture. In this approach patterned microstructures such as grooves within microfluidic channels are used to create low shear stress regions within which cell can dock.

Um dispositivo micro com padrões Groove para estudar o comportamento celular

We describe a microfluidic device with microgrooved patterns for studying cellular behavior.  This microfluidic platform consists of a top fluidic channel ...

Brain Slice Stimulation Using a Microfluidic Network and Standard Perfusion Chamber

We have demonstrated the fabrication of a two-level microfluidic device that can be easily integrated with existing electrophysiology setups. The two-level microfluidic device is fabricated using a two-step standard negative resist lithography process 1. The first level contains microchannels with inlet and outlet ports at each end. The second level contains microscale circular holes located midway of the channel length and centered along with channel width. Passive pumping method is used to pump fluids from the inlet port to the outlet port 2. The microfluidic device is integrated with off-the-shelf perfusion chambers and allows seamless integration with the electrophysiology setup. The fluids introduced at the inlet ports flow through the microchannels towards the outlet ports and also escape through the circular openings located on top of the microchannels into the bath of the perfusion. Thus the bottom surface of the brain slice placed in the perfusion chamber bath and above the microfluidic device can be exposed with different neurotransmitters. The microscale thickness of the microfluidic device and the transparent nature of the materials [glass coverslip and PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane)] used to make the microfluidic device allow microscopy of the brain slice. The microfluidic device allows modulation (both spatial and temporal) of the chemical stimuli introduced to the brain slice microenvironments.

We demonstrate fabrication of a simple microfluidic device that can be integrated with standard electrophysiology setups to expose microscale surfaces of a brain slice in a well controlled manner to different neurotransmitters.

Estimulação cerebral Slice Usando uma Rede microfluídicos e da Câmara de Perfusão padrão

We have demonstrated the fabrication of a two-level microfluidic device that can be easily integrated with existing electrophysiology setups. The ...

Preparing E18 Cortical Rat Neurons for Compartmentalization in a Microfluidic Device

In this video, we demonstrate the preparation of E18 cortical rat neurons. E18 cortical rat neurons are obtained from E18 fetal rat cortex previously dissected and prepared. The E18 cortex is, upon dissection, immediately dissociated into individual neurons. It is possible to store E18 cortex in Hibernate E buffer containing B27 at 4&deg;C for up to a week before the dissociation is performed. However, there will be a drop in cell viability. Typically we obtain our E18 Cortex fresh. It is transported to the lab in ice cold Calcium free Magnesium free dissection buffer (CMFM). Upon arrival, trypsin is added to the cortex to a final concentration of 0.125%. The cortex is then incubated at 37&deg;C for 8 minutes. DMEM containing 10% FBS is added to the cortex to stop the reaction. The cortex is then centrifuged at 2500 rpm for 2 minutes. The supernatant is removed and 2 ml of Neural Basal Media (NBM) containing 2% B27 (vol/vol) and 0.25% Glutamax (vol/vol) is added to the cortex which is then re-suspended by pipetting up and down. Next, the cortex is triturated with previously fire polished glass pipettes, each with a successive smaller opening. After triturating, the cortex is once again centrifuged at 2500 rpm for 2 minutes. The supernatant is then removed and the cortex pellet re-suspended with 2 ml of NBM containing B27 and Glutamax. The cell suspension is then passed through a 40 um nylon cell strainer. Next the cells are counted. The neurons are now ready for loading into the neuron microfluidic device.

In this video we demonstrate the preparation of E18 Cortical Rat Neurons.

Preparando E18 neurônios de rato para Cortical Compartimentação em um dispositivo micro

In this video, we demonstrate the preparation of E18 cortical rat neurons. E18 cortical rat neurons are obtained from E18 fetal rat cortex previously ...

Micro-scale Engineering for Cell Biology

Micro-escala de Engenharia de Biologia Celular

Cell Capture Using a Microfluidic Device

Captura de célula usando um dispositivo micro

Assessing Neural Stem Cell Motility Using an Agarose Gel-based Microfluidic Device

While microfluidic technology is reaching a new level of maturity for macromolecular assays, cell-based assays are still at an infant stage1. This is largely due to the difficulty with which one can create a cell-compatible and steady microenvironment using conventional microfabrication techniques and materials. We address this problem via the introduction of a novel microfabrication material, agarose gel, as the base material for the microfluidic device. Agarose gel is highly malleable, and permeable to gas and nutrients necessary for cell survival, and thus an ideal material for cell-based assays. We have shown previously that agarose gel based devices have been successful in studying bacterial and neutrophil cell migration2. In this report, three parallel microfluidic channels are patterned in an agarose gel membrane of about 1mm thickness. Constant flows with media/buffer are maintained in the two side channels using a peristaltic pump. Cells are maintained in the center channel for observation. Since the nutrients and chemicals in the side channels are constantly diffusing from the side to center channel, the chemical environment of the center channel is easily controlled via the flow along the side channels. Using this device, we demonstrate that the movement of neural stem cells can be monitored optically with ease under various chemical conditions, and the experimental results show that the over expression of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) enhances the motility of neural stem cells. Motility of neural stem cells is an important biomarker for assessing cells aggressiveness, thus tumorigenic factor3. Deciphering the mechanism underlying NSC motility will yield insight into both disorders of neural development and into brain cancer stem cell invasion.

We demonstrate that the over expression of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) enhances the motility of neural stem cells(NSCs) using a novel agarose gel based microfluidic device. This technology can be readily adaptable to other mammalian cell systems where cell sources are scarce, such as human neural stem cells, and the turn around time is critical.

Avaliar motilidade celular Neural Stem Usando um dispositivo Agarose Gel baseado microfluídicos

While microfluidic technology is reaching a new level of maturity for macromolecular assays, cell-based assays are still at an infant stage1. This is ...

Microcontact Printing of Proteins for Cell Biology

The ability to pattern proteins and other biomolecules onto substrates is important for capturing the spatial complexity of the extracellular environment. Development of microcontact printing by the Whitesides group (<a href="http://gmwgroup.harvard.edu/">http://gmwgroup.harvard.edu/</a>) in the mid-1990s revolutionalized this field by making microelectronics/microfabrication techniques accessible to laboratories focused on the life sciences. Initial implementations of this method used polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamps to create patterns of functionalized chemicals on material surfaces1. Since then, a range of innovative approaches have been developed to pattern other molecules, including proteins2. This video demonstrates the basic process of creating PDMS stamps and uses them to pattern proteins, as these steps are difficult to accurately express in words. We focus on patterning the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin onto glass coverslips as a specific example of patterning.
An important component of the microcontact printing process is a topological master, from which the stamps are cast; the raised and lowered regions of the master are mirrored into the stamp and define the final pattern. Typically, a master consists of a silicon wafer coated with photoresist and then patterned by photolithography, as is done here. Creation of masters containing a specific pattern requires specialized equipment, and is best approached in consultation with a fabrication center or facility. However, almost any substrate with topology can be used as a master, such as plastic diffraction gratings (see Reagents for one example), and such serendipitous masters provide readily available, simple patterns. This protocol begins at the point of having a master in hand.

Microcontact printing is used extensively to pattern proteins and other molecules on material surfaces. We demonstrate the basic steps of this process, stamping patterns of fibronectin onto glass.

Impressão microcontact de Proteínas de Biologia Celular

The ability to pattern proteins and other biomolecules onto substrates is important for capturing the spatial complexity of the extracellular environment. ...

The Microfluidic Probe: Operation and Use for Localized Surface Processing

Microfluidic devices allow assays to be performed using minute amounts of sample and have recently been used to control the microenvironment of cells. Microfluidics is commonly associated with closed microchannels which limit their use to samples that can be introduced, and cultured in the case of cells, within a confined volume. On the other hand, micropipetting system have been used to locally perfuse cells and surfaces, notably using push-pull setups where one pipette acts as source and the other one as sink, but the confinement of the flow is difficult in three dimensions. Furthermore, pipettes are fragile and difficult to position and hence are used in static configuration only. 
The microfluidic probe (MFP) circumvents the constraints imposed by the construction of closed microfluidic channels and instead of enclosing the sample into the microfluidic system, the microfluidic flow can be directly delivered onto the sample, and scanned across the sample, using the MFP. . The injection and aspiration openings are located within a few tens of micrometers of one another so that a microjet injected into the gap is confined by the hydrodynamic forces of the surrounding liquid and entirely aspirated back into the other opening. The microjet can be flushed across the substrate surface and provides a precise tool for localized deposition/delivery of reagents which can be used over large areas by scanning the probe across the surface. 
In this video we present the microfluidic probe1 (MFP). We explain in detail how to assemble the MFP, mount it atop an inverted microscope, and align it relative to the substrate surface, and finally show how to use it to process a substrate surface immersed in a buffer.

In this video we present the microfluidic probe1 (MFP). We explain in detail how to assemble the MFP, mount it atop an inverted microscope, and align it relative to the substrate surface, and finally show how to use it to process a substrate surface immersed in a buffer solution.

O Probe microfluídicos: Operação e Uso de Processamento de Superfície localizada

Microfluidic devices allow assays to be performed using minute amounts of sample and have recently been used to control the microenvironment of cells. ...

A Multi-Parametric Islet Perifusion System within a Microfluidic Perifusion Device

A microfluidic islet perifusion device was developed for the assessment of dynamic insulin secretion of multiple islets and simultaneous fluorescence imaging of calcium influx and mitochondrial potential changes. The device consists of three layers: first layer contains an array of microscale wells (500 &mu;m diameter and 150 &mu;m depth) that help to immobilize the islets while exposed to flow and maximize the exposed surface area of the islets; the second layer contains a circular perifusion chamber (3 mm deep, 7 mm diameter); and the third layer contains an inlet-mixing channel that fans out before injection into the perifusion chamber (2 mm in width, 19 mm in length, and 500 &mu;m in height) for optimizing the mixing efficiency prior to entering the perifusion chamber. The creation of various glucose gradients including a linear, bell shape, and square shapes also can be created in the microfluidic perifusion network and is demonstrated.

A microfluidic islet perifusion device was developed for the assessment of dynamic insulin secretion of multiple islets and simultaneous fluorescence imaging of calcium influx and mitochondrial potential changes.

A Multi-Parametric Sistema Perifusion Islet dentro de um dispositivo Perifusion microfluídicos

A microfluidic islet perifusion device was developed for the assessment of dynamic insulin secretion of multiple islets and simultaneous fluorescence ...