作業はDK065872（ENP）、生物医学研究における優秀スミスファミリー財団賞（ENP）、F31 DA023760（BMG、ENP）とP30 NS047243（神経科学研究のためのタフツセンター）によってサポートされていました。

<ol>
	<li>Geiger, B. M., Behr, G. G., Frank, L., Caldera-Siu, A. D., Beinfeld, M. C., Kokkotou, E. G., Pothos, E. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evidence+for+defective+mesolimbic+dopamine+exocytosis+in+obesity-prone+rats.">Evidence for defective mesolimbic dopamine exocytosis in obesity-prone rats.</a> FASEB Journal. 8, 2740-2746 (2008).</li><li>Pothos, E. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+dopamine+quantal+size+in+midbrain+and+hippocampal+neurons.">Regulation of dopamine quantal size in midbrain and hippocampal neurons.</a> Behavioural Brain Research. 130, 203-207 (2002).</li><li>Pothos, E. N., Larsen, K. E., Setlik, W., Gershon, M. D., Krantz, D., Liu, Y. -. J., Edwards, R. H., Sulzer, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synaptic+vesicle+transporter+expression+regulates+vesicle+phenotype+and+quantal+size.">Synaptic vesicle transporter expression regulates vesicle phenotype and quantal size.</a> The Journal of Neuroscience. 20, 7297-7306 (2000).</li><li>Pothos, E. N., Davila, V., Sulzer, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Presynaptic+recording+of+quanta+from+midbrain+dopamine+neurons+and+modulation+of+the+quantal+size.">Presynaptic recording of quanta from midbrain dopamine neurons and modulation of the quantal size.</a> The Journal of Neuroscience. 18, 4106-4118 (1998).</li><li>Sulzer, D., Pothos, E. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Presynaptic+mechanisms+that+regulate+quantal+size.">Presynaptic mechanisms that regulate quantal size.</a> Reviews in the Neurosciences. 11, 159-212 (2000).</li></ol>

方法は、全身または in vivoアプローチでそうでなければ利用できない、中央ドーパミン神経細胞の形態学的および神経化学的特徴の高分解能を可能にするここで説明する。

材料は、プロトコルのテキストに含まれています。

primary dissociated midbrain dopamine cell cultures from rodent neonates

ドーパミン神経細胞の初代細胞培養を作成する機能は、他の脳内から全身の入力から分離におけるドーパミン神経細胞のシナプス前特性の検討が可能になります。私たちの研究室では、我々は炭素繊維のアンペロメトリーだけでなく、定量的PCRおよび免疫細胞化学を用いてドーパミン関連遺伝子やタンパク質の発現レベルを使用してドーパミン放出の動態を評価するためにこれらのニューロンを使用してください。我々は齧歯類の新生児からこれらの培養物を生成する方法このビデオでは、私たちはあなたを示しています。 プロセスは、皮質神経膠星状膠細胞のプレーティング、グリア基板による神経細胞培養培地のコンディショニング、新生児の脳の解剖、消化、抽出およびドーパミンニューロンのメッキとの神経栄養因子の添加を含むいくつかのステップが含まれます。細胞の生存を確認してください。 このような調製に適したアプリケーションは、電気生理学、免疫細胞化学、定量PCR、ビデオ顕微鏡（すなわち、細胞膜とリアルタイムの小胞融合の）、細胞生存アッセイおよびその他の毒性の画面が含まれています。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Primary Dissociated Midbrain Dopamine Cell Cultures from Rodent Neonates at JoVE.com

Primary Dissociated Midbrain Dopamine Cell Cultures from Rodent Neonates

一次解離中脳のドーパミン細胞の培養は、ドーパミン神経細胞のシナプス前の特性の調査を可能にする。彼らはリアルタイムドーパミン放出の動力学とタンパク質/ mRNAのドーパミンエキソサイトーシスの調節因子のレベルを監視するために使用することができます。ここで、我々は、齧歯類の新生児からこれらの培養物を生成する方法を示します。

げっ歯類の新生児から一次分離した中脳ドーパミン細胞培養

The ability to create primary cell cultures of dopamine neurons allows for the study of the presynaptic characteristics of dopamine neurons in isolation ...

primary-dissociated-midbrain-dopamine-cell-cultures-from-rodent

Nanyang Technological University

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

14.8K ビュー.  Tufts University. 一次解離中脳のドーパミン細胞の培養は、ドーパミン神経細胞のシナプス前の特性の調査を可能にする。彼らはリアルタイムドーパミン放出の動力学とタンパク質/ mRNAのドーパミンエキソサイトーシスの調節因子のレベルを監視するために使用することができます。ここで、我々は、齧歯類の新生児からこれらの培養物を生成する方法を示します。

ビデオ: Primary Dissociated Midbrain Dopamine Cell Cultures from Rodent Neonates

Organotypic Slice Cultures of Embryonic Ventral Midbrain: A System to Study Dopaminergic Neuronal Development in vitro

The mouse is an excellent model organism to study mammalian brain development due to the abundance of molecular and genetic data. However, the developing mouse brain is not suitable for easy manipulation and imaging in vivo since the mouse embryo is inaccessible and opaque. Organotypic slice cultures of embryonic brains are therefore widely used to study murine brain development in vitro. Ex-vivo manipulation or the use of transgenic mice allows the modification of gene expression so that subpopulations of neuronal or glial cells can be labeled with fluorescent proteins. The behavior of labeled cells can then be observed using time-lapse imaging. Time-lapse imaging has been particularly successful for studying cell behaviors that underlie the development of the cerebral cortex at late embryonic stages 1-2. Embryonic organotypic slice culture systems in brain regions outside of the forebrain are less well established. Therefore, the wealth of time-lapse imaging data describing neuronal cell migration is restricted to the forebrain 3,4. It is still not known, whether the principles discovered for the dorsal brain hold true for ventral brain areas. In the ventral brain, neurons are organized in neuronal clusters rather than layers and they often have to undergo complicated migratory trajectories to reach their final position. The ventral midbrain is not only a good model system for ventral brain development, but also contains neuronal populations such as dopaminergic neurons that are relevant in disease processes. While the function and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons has been investigated in great detail in the adult and ageing brain, little is known about the behavior of these neurons during their differentiation and migration phase 5. We describe here the generation of slice cultures from the embryonic day (E) 12.5 mouse ventral midbrain. These slice cultures are potentially suitable for monitoring dopaminergic neuron development over several days in vitro. We highlight the critical steps in generating brain slices at these early stages of embryonic development and discuss the conditions necessary for maintaining normal development of dopaminergic neurons in vitro. We also present results from time lapse imaging experiments. In these experiments, ventral midbrain precursors (including dopaminergic precursors) and their descendants were labeled in a mosaic manner using a Cre/loxP based inducible fate mapping system 6.

Organotypic Slice Cultures of Embryonic Ventral Midbrain: A System to Study Dopaminergic Neuronal Development in vitro

A method to generate organotypic slices from the E12.5 murine embryonic midbrain is described. The organotypic slice cultures can be used to observe the behavior of dopaminergic neurons or other ventral midbrain neurons.

胚腹側中脳の器官型スライス培養：ドーパミン作動性ニューロンの発達を研究するための体制 in vitroで</em

The  mouse is an excellent model organism to study mammalian brain development due  to the abundance of molecular and genetic data. However, the ...

神経科学

Generation of Induced Neural Stem Cells from Peripheral Mononuclear Cells and Differentiation Toward Dopaminergic Neuron Precursors for Transplantation Studies

Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons at the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) in the ventral mesencephalon (VM). Cell replacement therapy holds great promise for treatment of PD. Recently, induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) have emerged as a potential candidate for cell replacement therapy due to the reduced risk of tumor formation and the plasticity to give rise to region-specific neurons and glia. iNSCs can be reprogrammed from autologous somatic cellular sources, such as fibroblasts, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) and various other types of cells. Compared with other types of somatic cells, PBMNCs are an appealing starter cell type because of the ease to access and expand in culture. Sendai virus (SeV), an RNA non-integrative virus, encoding reprogramming factors including human OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC, has a negative-sense, single-stranded, non-segmented genome that does not integrate into host genome, but only replicates in the cytoplasm of infected cells, offering an efficient and safe vehicle for reprogramming. In this study, we describe a protocol in which iNSCs are obtained by reprogramming PBMNCs, and differentiated into specialized VM DA neurons by a two-stage method. Then DA precursors are transplanted into unilaterally 6-hyroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned PD mouse models to evaluate the safety and efficacy for treatment of PD. This method provides a platform to investigate the functions and therapeutic effects of patient-specific DA neural cells in vitro and in vivo.

The protocol presents the reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to induce neural stem cells by Sendai virus infection, differentiation of iNSCs into dopaminergic neurons, transplantation of DA precursors into the unilaterally-lesioned Parkinson&#39;s disease mouse models, and evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iNSC-derived DA precursors for PD treatment.

末梢単核細胞からの誘導神経幹細胞の生成と移植研究におけるドーパミン作動性ニューロン前駆体への分化

Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons at the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) in the ventral ...

発生生物学

Primary Culture of Mouse Dopaminergic Neurons

Dopaminergic neurons represent less than 1% of the total number of neurons in the brain. This low amount of neurons regulates important brain functions such as motor control, motivation, and working memory. Nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons selectively degenerate in Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD). This progressive neuronal loss is unequivocally associated with the motors symptoms of the pathology (bradykinesia, resting tremor, and muscular rigidity). The main agent responsible of dopaminergic neuron degeneration is still unknown. However, these neurons appear to be extremely vulnerable in diverse conditions. Primary cultures constitute one of the most relevant models to investigate properties and characteristics of dopaminergic neurons. These cultures can be submitted to various stress agents that mimic PD pathology and to neuroprotective compounds in order to stop or slow down neuronal degeneration. The numerous transgenic mouse models of PD that have been generated during the last decade further increased the interest of researchers for dopaminergic neuron cultures. Here, the video protocol focuses on the delicate dissection of embryonic mouse brains. Precise excision of ventral mesencephalon is crucial to obtain neuronal cultures sufficiently rich in dopaminergic cells to allow subsequent studies. This protocol can be realized with embryonic transgenic mice and is suitable for immunofluorescence staining, quantitative PCR, second messenger quantification, or neuronal death/survival assessment.

Dopaminergic neurons play a vital regulatory role in the brain. Their loss is associated with Parkinson's disease. In this video, we show how to generate primary cultures of central dopaminergic neurons from embryonic mouse mesencephalon. Such cultures are useful to study the extreme vulnerability of these neurons to various stresses.

マウスドーパミン作動性ニューロンの初代培養

Dopaminergic neurons represent less than 1% of the total number of neurons in the brain. This low amount of neurons regulates important brain functions ...

Isolation, Culture and Long-Term Maintenance of Primary Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons From Embryonic Rodent Brains

Degeneration of mesencephalic dopaminergic (mesDA) neurons is the pathological hallmark of Parkinson&#8217;s diseae. Study of the biological processes involved in physiological functions and vulnerability and death of these neurons is imparative to understanding the underlying causes and unraveling the cure for this common neurodegenerative disorder. Primary cultures of mesDA neurons provide a tool for investigation of the molecular, biochemical and electrophysiological properties, in order to understand the development, long-term survival and degeneration of these neurons during the course of disease. Here we present a detailed method for the isolation, culturing and maintenance of midbrain dopaminergic neurons from E12.5 mouse (or E14.5 rat) embryos. Optimized cell culture conditions in this protocol result in presence of axonal and dendritic projections, synaptic connections and other neuronal morphological properties, which make the cultures suitable for study of the physiological, cell biological and molecular characteristics of this neuronal population.

The causes of degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons during Parkinson&#8217;s disease are not fully understood. Cellular culture systems provide an essential tool for study of the neurophysiological properties of these neurons. Here we present an optimized protocol, which can be utilized for in vitro modeling of neurodegeneration.

胚性齧歯類の脳から単離、プライマリ脳ドーパミンニューロンの文化と長期メンテナンス

Degeneration of mesencephalic dopaminergic (mesDA) neurons is the pathological hallmark of Parkinson&#8217;s diseae. Study of the biological processes ...

Reliable Identification of Living Dopaminergic Neurons in Midbrain Cultures Using RNA Sequencing and TH-promoter-driven eGFP Expression

In Parkinson&#39;s Disease (PD) there is widespread neuronal loss throughout the brain with pronounced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the SNc, leading to bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. The identification of living dopaminergic neurons in primary Ventral Mesencephalic (VM) cultures using a fluorescent marker provides an alternative way to study the selective vulnerability of these neurons without relying on the immunostaining of fixed cells. Here, we isolate, dissociate, and culture mouse VM neurons for 3 weeks. We then identify dopaminergic neurons in the cultures using eGFP fluorescence (driven by a Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) promoter). Individual neurons are harvested into microcentrifuge tubes using glass micropipettes. Next, we lyse the harvested cells, and conduct cDNA synthesis and transposon-mediated &#34;tagmentation&#34; to produce single cell RNA-Seq libraries1,2,3,4,5. After passing a quality-control check, single-cell libraries are sequenced and subsequent analysis is carried out to measure gene expression. We report transcriptome results for individual dopaminergic and GABAergic neurons isolated from midbrain cultures. We report that 100% of the live TH-eGFP cells that were harvested and sequenced were dopaminergic neurons. These techniques will have widespread applications in neuroscience and molecular biology.

In Parkinson&#39;s Disease (PD), Substantia Nigra (SNc) dopaminergic neurons degenerate, leading to motor dysfunction. Here we report a protocol for culturing ventral midbrain neurons from a mouse expressing eGFP driven by a Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) promoter sequence, harvesting individual fluorescent neurons from the cultures, and measuring their transcriptome using RNA-seq.

RNA配列決定およびTH-プロモーター駆動EGFP発現を使用して中脳培養における生活ドーパミン作動性ニューロンの信頼性の高い同定

In Parkinson&#39;s Disease (PD) there is widespread neuronal loss throughout the brain with pronounced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the SNc, ...

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced &#945;-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

The goal of this protocol is to establish a robust and reproducible model of &#945;-synuclein accumulation in primary dopamine neurons. Combined with immunostaining and unbiased automated image analysis, this model allows for the analysis of the effects of drugs and genetic manipulations on &#945;-synuclein aggregation in neuronal cultures. Primary midbrain cultures provide a reliable source of bona fide embryonic dopamine neurons. In this protocol, the hallmark histopathology of Parkinson&#8217;s disease, Lewy bodies (LB), is mimicked by the addition of &#945;-synuclein pre-formed fibrils (PFFs) directly to neuronal culture media. Accumulation of endogenous phosphorylated &#945;-synuclein in the soma of dopamine neurons is detected by immunostaining already at 7 days after the PFF addition. In vitro cell culture conditions are also suitable for the application and evaluation of treatments preventing &#945;-synuclein accumulation, such as small molecule drugs and neurotrophic factors, as well as lentivirus vectors for genetic manipulation (e.g., with CRISPR/Cas9). Culturing the neurons in 96 well plates increases the robustness and power of the experimental setups. At the end of the experiment, the cells are fixed with paraformaldehyde for immunocytochemistry and fluorescence microscopy imaging. Multispectral fluorescence images are obtained via automated microscopy of 96 well plates. These data are quantified (e.g., counting the number of phospho-&#945;-synuclein-containing dopamine neurons per well) with the use of free software that provides a platform for unbiased high-content phenotype analysis. PFF-induced modeling of phosphorylated &#945;-synuclein accumulation in primary dopamine neurons provides a reliable tool to study the underlying mechanisms mediating formation and elimination of &#945;-synuclein inclusions, with the opportunity for high-throughput drug screening and cellular phenotype analysis.

Here, we present a detailed protocol to study neuronal &#945;-synuclein accumulation in primary mouse dopamine neurons. Phosphorylated &#945;-synuclein aggregates in neurons are induced with pre-formed &#945;-synuclein fibrils. Automated imaging of immunofluorescently labeled cells and unbiased image analysis make this robust protocol suitable for medium-to-high throughput screening of drugs that inhibit &#945;-synuclein accumulation.

原発性胚マウス中脳ドーパミンニューロンにおける前形成線維誘導α-シヌクレイン蓄積の研究

The goal of this protocol is to establish a robust and reproducible model of &#945;-synuclein accumulation in primary dopamine neurons. Combined with ...

表現型プロファイリングのためのヒト中脳ドーパミン作動性ニューロンの培養

Phenotypic Profiling of Human Stem Cell-Derived Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons

Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) is linked to a range of cell biological processes that cause midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neuron loss. Many current in vitro PD cellular models lack complexity and do not take multiple phenotypes into account. Phenotypic profiling in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived mDA neurons can address these shortcomings by simultaneously measuring a range of neuronal phenotypes in a PD-relevant cell type in parallel. Here, we describe a protocol to obtain and analyze phenotypic profiles from commercially available human mDA neurons. A neuron-specific fluorescent staining panel is used to visualize the nuclear, &#945;-synuclein, Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) related phenotypes. The described phenotypic profiling protocol is scalable as it uses 384-well plates, automatic liquid handling and high-throughput microscopy. The utility of the protocol is exemplified using healthy donor mDA neurons and mDA neurons carrying the PD-linked G2019S mutation in the Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene. Both cell lines were treated with the LRRK2 kinase inhibitor PFE-360 and phenotypic changes were measured. Additionally, we demonstrate how multidimensional phenotypic profiles can be analyzed using clustering or machine learning-driven supervised classification methods. The described protocol will particularly interest researchers working on neuronal disease modeling or studying chemical compound effects in human neurons.

著者スポットライト:ニューロン表現型プロファイルの生成 - ヒト中脳ドーパミン作動性ニューロンの培養と画像化のプロトコル 

This protocol describes the cell culturing of human midbrain dopaminergic neurons, followed by immunological staining and the generation of neuronal phenotypic profiles from acquired microscopic high-content images allowing the identification of phenotypic variations due to genetic or chemical modulations.

ヒト幹細胞由来中脳ドーパミン作動性ニューロンの表現型プロファイリング

Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) is linked to a range of cell biological processes that cause midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neuron loss. Many current in vitro ...

Culturing and Maintaining Dopaminergic Neurons from Mouse Embryonic Brain Tissue

Source: Weinert, M. et al., <a href="https://app-jove-com.remotexs.ntu.edu.sg/v/52475">Isolation, Culture and Long-Term Maintenance of Primary Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons From Embryonic Rodent Brains.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2015)
This video outlines a method for cultivating dopaminergic neurons from mouse embryonic brain tissue. The process includes treating the midbrain with a proteolytic enzyme, detaching the cells, and culturing them on polymer-coated coverslips in a nutrient-rich medium with antibiotics for their growth and long-term viability.

マウス胚性脳組織からのドーパミン作動性ニューロンの培養と維持

All procedures involving animal models have been reviewed by the local institutional animal care committee and the JoVE veterinary review board.
1. ...

げっ歯類の新生児から一次分離した中脳ドーパミン細胞培養

要約

さらに動画を探す

この動画の章

胚腹側中脳の器官型スライス培養：ドーパミン作動性ニューロンの発達を研究するための体制 in vitroで

末梢単核細胞からの誘導神経幹細胞の生成と移植研究におけるドーパミン作動性ニューロン前駆体への分化

マウスドーパミン作動性ニューロンの初代培養

胚性齧歯類の脳から単離、プライマリ脳ドーパミンニューロンの文化と長期メンテナンス

RNA配列決定およびTH-プロモーター駆動EGFP発現を使用して中脳培養における生活ドーパミン作動性ニューロンの信頼性の高い同定

原発性胚マウス中脳ドーパミンニューロンにおける前形成線維誘導α-シヌクレイン蓄積の研究

ヒト幹細胞由来中脳ドーパミン作動性ニューロンの表現型プロファイリング

ヒト幹細胞由来中脳ドーパミン作動性ニューロンの表現型プロファイリング

ヒト幹細胞由来中脳ドーパミン作動性ニューロンの表現型プロファイリング

マウス胚性脳組織からのドーパミン作動性ニューロンの培養と維持