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Chapter 18

Stress and Strain - Axial Loading

Deformación normal bajo carga axial
Deformación normal bajo carga axial
A rod subjected to a load undergoes elongation. A load-deformation diagram can represent the elongation but cannot predict deformation in different rods. ...
Diagrama de tensión-deformación
Diagrama de tensión-deformación
Consider a cylindrical specimen placed in a system to measure its tensile strength. Two gauge marks are inscribed on the central portion of the specimen. ...
Diagrama de tensión-deformación - Materiales dúctiles
Diagrama de tensión-deformación - Materiales dúctiles
When a specimen is subjected to loading the length first increases linearly at a slow rate, resulting in an initial straight line with a steep slope on ...
Diagrama de tensión-deformación - Materiales frágiles
Diagrama de tensión-deformación - Materiales frágiles
Brittle materials, under tensile stress, do not elongate much before rupturing, meaning their ultimate and breaking strengths are identical. Compared with ...
Verdadero estrés y verdadera tensión
Verdadero estrés y verdadera tensión
Engineering stress is the ratio of the load and the undeformed original cross-sectional area. Engineering stress approximates strain which represents the ...
Ley de Hooke
Ley de Hooke
Hooke's law states that stress applied to a material is directly proportional to the strain it experiences within the elastic limit. For ductile ...
Comportamiento del plástico
Comportamiento del plástico
Materials under stress due to tensile loading exhibit elastic and linear behavior until the yield point. Removing the load at the yield point, stress and ...
Fatiga
Fatiga
Fatigue occurs when the materials, under repeated loads for thousands or millions of cycles, rupture at a stress level much lower than the material's ...
Deformación de la barra bajo cargas múltiples
Deformación de la barra bajo cargas múltiples
The deformation of a rod with different materials and cross-sections is computed by dividing it into parts, each characterized by individual parameters. ...
Resolución de problemas estáticamente indeterminados
Resolución de problemas estáticamente indeterminados
Consider two cylindrical rods, one of steel and another of brass, joined at point B and restrained by rigid supports at points A and C. Determine the ...
Deformación térmica
Deformación térmica
A homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section, resting freely on a horizontal surface, expands when heated. The expansion is proportional to the ...
Deformación dependiente de la temperatura
Deformación dependiente de la temperatura
Consider a non-homogenous rod made of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change. The stress and load on the rod are ...
Relación de Poisson
Relación de Poisson
When a slender bar is subjected to an axial load, the bar material undergoes axial strain, causing it to deform in the axial direction. Simultaneously, ...
Ley de Hooke generalizada
Ley de Hooke generalizada
The generalized Hooke's Law extends Hooke's Law to all stress types and directions, aiding in understanding materials under multiaxial stress ...
Módulo a granel
Módulo a granel
The bulk modulus measures a material's resistance to uniform compression. It is defined as the proportionality constant between a change in pressure ...
Tensión de cizallamiento
Tensión de cizallamiento
In a cubic element with a general state of stress, the shearing stresses can deform a cube into an oblique parallelepiped without affecting normal ...
Relación entre la relación de Poisson, el módulo de elasticidad y el módulo de rigidez
Relación entre la relación de Poisson, el módulo de elasticidad y el módulo de rigidez
A slender bar subjected to an axial load undergoes deformation in the axial and transverse directions. The deformation affects the cubic elements within ...
Principio de Saint-Venant
Principio de Saint-Venant
Consider a member with plates on both ends. When loads are applied centrally on the plates, they move towards each other without rotating, causing the ...
Concentraciones de estrés
Concentraciones de estrés
Stress concentration refers to the amplification of stress in a structural member near points of discontinuity, such as holes or abrupt changes in ...
Tensiones residuales
Tensiones residuales
When a rod is stretched beyond its yield point, it permanently deforms and doesn't regain its original length. The stresses created during loading are ...
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