This work was partly supported by Nippon Sheet Glass Foundation for Materials Science and Engineering and JSPS KAKENHI (Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, #50362281).

Dikkat: kimyasallar ve çözümleri ile çalışırken her zaman dikkatli olun. Uygun güvenlik uygulamalarını takip ve her zaman eldiven, gözlük ve bir laboratuvar ceket giyerler. onların toplu meslektaşı ile karşılaştırıldığında nanomateryaller ek tehlikeler olabileceğini unutmayın. Regents 1. Hazırlık <ol><li> (; OG 2+ metil violojen) 20 ml su içinde 0.2 mM OG 2+ elde 1,1&#39;-dimetil-4,4&#39;-bipiridinyum diklorür 0.0012 g çözülmesiyle Metil viyolojene sulu bir çözelti hazırlayın. </li><li> 25 mM HAuCl 4 vermek üzere su, 10 ml altın (III) &#39;tetraklorür trihidrat 0,1050 g (HAuCl 4 • 3H 2 O) çözülmesiyle altın (III) klorid, sulu bir çözelti hazırlayın. </li><li> 100 mM NaBH4 vermek üzere su, 10 ml sodyum tetrahıdroborat arasında 0,03844 g çözülmesiyle Sodyum borohidrid sulu çözeltisi (NaBH4) hazırlayın. </li><li> dissolv 2-ammoniumethanethiol bir sulu çözelti hazırlayın25 ml su içindeki bir 2-ammoniumethanethiol klorür tuzu (2-AET +) ve 0,2985 g ing 100 mM 2-AET + elde edildi. </li></ol> TNS Kolloidal Cezalar 2. Sentezi Not: Titania nanosheets (TNS, 2 Ti 0.91 O) köklü prosedüre göre, daha önce 22,23,30 rapor edilmiştir. <ol><li> Cs 2 CO 3 (0,4040 g) ve TiO2 stoikiometrik karışımı kalsine edilmesiyle tabakalı sezyum titanat Cs 0.7 Ti 1.825 O 4 başlangıç malzemesinin hazırlanması (ST-01, 0.5000 g), 800 ° C de 20 saat 22. İki kez tekrarlayın. </li><li> Protonlanmış katmanlı titanat hazırlayın (H 0.7 Ti 1,825 O 4 · H 2 O) art arda HCI (100 mM, 81.42 mi) 12 saat boyunca bir çalkalayıcı (300 Hz) kullanılarak sulu çözelti ile sezyum titanat 0,8142 g muamele ederek. </li><li> Pullu katmanlı titanat (TNS) tarafından koloidal süspansiyonlar hazırlayınkaranlık koşullarda oda sıcaklığında yaklaşık 2 hafta içinde, sulu çözelti, - 17 mM tetrabütilamonyum hidroksit (TBA OH) 25 ml protonlanmış titanat tozu (0,0998 g) kuvvetli bir şekilde (500 rpm) karıştırıldı. Elde edilen süspansiyon, yanardöner titanya nanosheets dağılmış içerir (TNS 1.4 g / L, pH = 11 ~ 12). </li></ol> TNS Films 21 3. Sentezi <ol><li> TNS Hazırlanması filmleri döküm (c-TNS) <ol><li> Ön temiz bir cam alt-tabakalar (~ 20 x 20 mm 2), 30 dakika boyunca 1 M sulu sodyum hidroksit (NaOH) içinde bir ultrasonik temizleyici (27 kHz) ile ultrasonik muamelelerin yoluyla. </li><li> Ultra saf su 5-10 mL (&lt;0.056 uS cm-1) ile yüzeylerde durulayın. </li><li> 3 dakika için bir 0.1 M sulu hidroklorik asit (HCI), bir cam alt tabaka Dip ve ultra saf su 5-10 ml ile yıkayın. </li><li> 1 saat boyunca saf suda ultrasonik tedavileri (27 kHz) ile yüzeylerin temizlenmesi vesonra saf su ile durulayın. (Kuru kadar) 2-3 dakika boyunca saç kurutma makinesi ile kurutun. </li><li> 300 ul hacimde cam alt-tabaka üzerinde TNS koloidal süspansiyon Dökme. </li><li> 60 ° C&#39;de kuru 2 saat için c-TNS filmi vermek üzere kuru bir fırın kullanılmıştır. </li></ol></li><li> Sinter TNS Film Hazırlanması (s-TNS) <ol><li> 6.8 ° C&#39;lik bir oranda 25 ila 500 ° C&#39;ye kadar 3 saat (ısıtma 500 ° C de bir cam alt-tabaka (lar-TNS film) sinter havada elde edilen Cı-TNS filmi TNS bileşenlerin termal fiksasyon elde etmek için fırın kullanarak / dk). </li><li> iki kez sinterleme işlemi tekrarlayın. </li></ol></li><li> Filmlerin Hazırlanması <ol><li> s-TNS filmleri çözelti içine girdikleri zaman tüm deneysel prosedürler için üst bakacak şekilde, tevdi s-TNS filmi yerleştirin. </li><li> TNS foto-önlemek için alüminyum folyo ile kurulum kapsayan karanlık koşullarda tüm deneyler yürütmek. </li></ol></li><li> önMetil viyolojene (MV 2+) Intercalated TNS Filmleri (TNS / MV 2+) ve Terkip <ol><li> Karanlık koşullarda, oda sıcaklığında (RT), 7 saat boyunca bir Petri kabındaki MV 2+ diklorür tuzunun sulu bir çözeltisi (0.2 mM, 3 mL) içinde bir S-TNS filmi bırakın. </li><li> ~ 1 saat boyunca karanlıkta bir fırın kullanarak 60 ° C&#39;de saf su (5-10 ml) ve havada kuru elde örnekleri durulayın. </li></ol></li><li> Au hazırlanması (III) &#39;Intercalated TNS Filmler (TNS / Au (III)) <ol><li> Karanlık koşullarda oda sıcaklığında 3 saat bir Petri kabındaki HAuCl 4 sulu çözelti (25 mM, 3 mi) ve TNS / OG 2+ filmi bırakın. </li><li> ~ 1 saat boyunca karanlıkta bir fırın kullanarak 60 ° C&#39;de saf su (5-10 ml) ve havada kuru elde örnekleri durulayın. </li></ol></li><li> TNS Filmlerin Interlayers Alanı içinde AuNP Sentezi (TNS / AuNP) <ol><li> NaBH4 bir sulu çözelti içinde bir TNS / Au (III) &#39;ün bir film daldırın </sub&gt; Karanlık koşullarda oda sıcaklığında 0.5 saat boyunca bir Petri kutusu (0.1 M, 5 mi) hazırlandı. </li><li> ~ 1 saat boyunca karanlıkta bir fırın kullanılarak 60 ° C &#39;de hava içinde elde edilen filmler kurutun. </li></ol></li><li> 2-AET + Intercalated TNS Filmlerin Hazırlanması (TNS / 2-AET +) <ol><li> Oda sıcaklığında 24 saat boyunca bir Petri kabındaki (0.1 M, 3 mi) - 2-AET + CI bir sulu çözelti içinde bir S-TNS filmi bırakın. </li><li> Durulama ~ 1 saat boyunca karanlıkta bir fırın kullanarak 60 ° C&#39;de saf su (5-10 ml) ve havada kuru filmler elde edilmiştir. </li></ol></li><li> Au (III) ve 2-AET + Co-Intercalated TNS Filmler (TNS / 2-AET + / Au (III)). <ol><li> Oda sıcaklığında 3 saat boyunca HAuCl 4 sulu çözelti (25 mM, 3 mi) ve TNS / 2-AET + film bırakın. </li><li> ~ 1 saat boyunca karanlıkta bir fırın kullanarak 60 ° C&#39;de saf su (5-10 ml) ve havada kuru elde filmler durulayın. </li></ol></li><li> AuNP withi sentezin TNS / 2-AET + Filmlerin interlayer Uzay (TNS / 2-AET + / AuNP). <ol><li> Karanlık koşullarda oda sıcaklığında 0.5 saat boyunca bir Petri kabı, NaBH4 (0.1 M, 5 mi), sulu bir çözelti içinde bir TNS / 2-AET + / Au (III) &#39;ün bir film bırakın. </li><li> ~ 1 saat boyunca karanlıkta fırın kullanarak 60 ° C&#39;de saf su (5-10 ml) ve havada kuru elde filmler durulayın. </li></ol></li><li> Karakterizasyonu <ol><li> 30 kV ve 15 mA çalıştırılan X-ışını kırınımı (XRD) monokromatikleştirilmeyen Cu-K α radyasyon (λ = 0,15405 nm) sahip bir masaüstü X-ışını difraktometre kullanılarak 21 analizleri yürütmek. </li><li> Enerji dağılımlı X-ışını spektrometresi (EDS) spektrumları 21 atın. </li><li> Geçirgenlik modunu 21 kullanılarak hazırlanan numuneler için UV-Vis absorpsiyon spektrumları kaydetmek için bir çok kanallı fotodetektör veya kararlı durum ultraviyole-görünür (UV-Vis) absorpsiyon spektrofotometre istihdam. </li></ol></li></ol>

We have nothing to disclose.

Bu yazıda TNS filmlerin ara kat alanı içinde altın nano partiküller (AuNPs) yerinde sentezi için ayrıntılı bir protokolü sağlar. Bu TNS ara katman alanı içinde AuNPs yerinde sentezinin ilk rapordur. Ayrıca, 2-AET + TNS ara katmanı içinde AuNPs için tesirli bir koruyucu reaktif madde olarak görev bulundu. Bu yöntemler AuNPs ve TNS saydam filmler hibridize. Protokol bölümünde sunulan iyi bir optik şeffaflık 21 TNS filmler, sinterleme süreçleri (s-TNS filmleri) ile sentezlendi. sinterleme işlemleri organik yabancı maddelerle tamamen çıkarılması için sürekli ihtiyaç vardır. Organik kirlilikler kaldığında, filmler koyu gri açın. Burada, sinterleme işlemleri, tipik bir çalışma süreci iki kez tekrarlandı; Ancak, daha fazla tekrarlar izin verilebilir. Biz başarıyla iki intermediat kullanarak katmanlı TNS filmler AuNP içeren sentezlenmişe filmler (yani, TNS / OG 2+ ve TNS / 2-AET + filmleri). İki ara filmler sulu HAuCl 4 çözelti içinde ıslatılmış ve altın türlerinin önemli miktarlarda TNS filmlerin ara kat yerleri içinde barındırıldığı (bir Au atomunun işgal alanı 1,47-1,61 mil 2) idi. Bu OG + 2 ve 2-AET + molekülleri TNS katmanları (Şekil 1B ve Şekil 2A ve Tablo 1) etkili genişleticileri rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Ancak, TNS interlayer içine altın türlerinin ayrıntılı adsorpsiyon mekanizmaları hala belirsiz. Elde edilen Au (III) içeren filmler sulu NaBH4 çözeltisi içinde ıslatıldı ve filmlerin renk hemen mor açık olarak değiştirildi (Şekil 4 ve 6), TNS ara tabakanın içinde AuNPs oluşumunu sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca, AuNP içeren TNS filmler, trans optik iyi muhafazaşeffaflığının sulu OG 2+, 2-AET + ve NaBH4 çözeltilerinde ıslatılmıştır bile, cam alt-tabakaya karşı ve uyum (Şekil tipik bir örnek olarak 8A bakınız). Bu yöntemler bakır ve gümüş 21 gibi diğer metal iyonları, başvurabilirler. TNS / MV 2+ filmin ara madde olarak kullanıldığı zaman, AuNPs rengi TNS ara kat alanı içinde AuNPs agregasyonunu öne, 30 dakika (Şekil 6) içinde değiştirilebilir. Ancak, AuNPs toplanması ve renk değişimi etkin bir ara (Şekil 8) olarak TNS / 2-AET + film kullanılarak bastırıldı. Bu 2 AET + molekülleri çözelti içinde AuNPs benzer TNS ara katmanları içinde AuNPs için etkili koruyucu reaktif çalıştığını göstermektedir. Sentezlenen TNS / 2-AET + / AuNPs oksijene karşı kararlı ve 590 nm&#39;de karakteristik söndürme band4 aydan sonra sürdürdü. Bu özellikler ve TNS ara katmanlara olan AuNPs stabiliteleri kataliz, fotokataliz ve maliyet-etkin bir plasmonik cihazların geliştirilmesinde uygulanabilirliğini göstermek için beklenir.

Çeşitli soy metal nanopartiküller (MNPS) nedeniyle lokalize yüzey plazmon rezonansı (LSPR) özellikleri için karakteristik renkleri veya tonları sergilemesini; Bu şekilde, MNPS çeşitli optik ve / veya fotokimyasal uygulamalarda 1-4 kullanılabilir. Son zamanlarda, metal oksit yarı iletken, örneğin titanyum oksit (TiO 2) ve MNPS olarak (MOS) fotokatalizörlerin, kombinasyonları iyice fotokatalizörlerin 5-14 yeni tip olarak incelenmiştir. En MOS parçacıkları nispeten düşük bir yüzey alanına sahip Ancak, birçok durumda, MNPS çok küçük miktarlarda, MOS yüzeyinde bulunmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, tabakalı metal oksit yarı iletken (LMOSs) fotokatalitik özelliklerini sergiler ve geniş bir yüzey alanına, bir CMO 15-17 birim gramı başına tipik olarak birkaç yüz metre kare vardır. Buna ek olarak, çeşitli LMOSs interkelasyon özellikleri (yani, çeşitli kimyasal türler kendi genişletilebilir ve büyük tabaka yerleri içinde kalabilirler) 15-20 var. Bu nedenle, MNPS ve LMOSs bir kombinasyonu ile, MNPS nispeten büyük miktarlarda iletken fotokataliz ile hibridize olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. (; TNS 16-30 titanyum nanosheet) şeffaf filmler çok basit adımlarda Biz bakır nanopartiküller (CuNPs) CMO ara katman alanı içinde 21 yerinde sentezinde ilk rapor etmiştir. Ancak, sentetik prosedürlerin ayrıntıları ve diğer soylu MNPS ve TNS melezleri karakterizasyonu henüz rapor edilmemiştir. Ayrıca, TNS tabakaları içinde CuNPs kolaylıkla okside ve çevre koşulları 21 altında renksiz hale bulundu. Bu nedenle, biz AuNPs çok çeşitli optik, fotokimyasal ve katalitik uygulamalar için kullanılır, çünkü altın nano partiküller (AuNPs) odaklanmış, ve onlar oksidasyon 3-5,7,8,10-14 karşı nispeten istikrarlı olacağı tahmin edilmektedir 28,31,32. Burada, TNS ve gösteri tha ara katman alanı içinde AuNPs sentezini raporT 2-ammoniumethanethiol (2-AET +; Şekil 1, ek) TNS ara katmanı içinde AuNPs için koruyucu bir reaktif olarak etkin bir şekilde çalışır.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="979">
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		<col />
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	<tbody>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:295px;">Methyl viologen dichloride</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">Aldrich Chemical&#160; Co., Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:124px;">1910-42-5</td>
			<td style="width:388px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide</td>
			<td>TCI</td>
			<td>T1685</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">cesium carbonate</td>
			<td>Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.</td>
			<td>07184-33</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">anatase titanium dixoide</td>
			<td>Ishihara Sangyo Ltd.</td>
			<td>ST-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">hydrochloric acid</td>
			<td>Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>20010-0350</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">sodium hydroxide</td>
			<td>Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>195-13775</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Tetrachloroauric(III) acid trihydrate</td>
			<td>Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.</td>
			<td>17044-60</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">sodium tetrahydroborate</td>
			<td>Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>39245-1210</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">2-ammoniumethanethiol hydrochloride</td>
			<td>TCI</td>
			<td>A0296</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;">Ultrapure water (0.056 &#181;S/cm)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Milli-Q water purification system (Direct-Q&#174; 3UV, Millipore)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td>Microscope slide (Thickness : 1.0&#8764;1.2 mm)</td>
			<td>Matsunami glass Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
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</table>

in situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles without aggregation in the interlayer space of layered titanate transparent films

Combinations of metal oxide semiconductors and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been investigated as new types of materials. The in situ synthesis of AuNPs within the interlayer space of semiconducting layered titania nanosheet (TNS) films was investigated here. Two types of intermediate films (i.e., TNS films containing methyl viologen (TNS/MV2+) and 2-ammoniumethanethiol (TNS/2-AET+)) were prepared. The two intermediate films were soaked in an aqueous tetrachloroauric(III) acid (HAuCl4) solution, whereby considerable amounts of Au(III) species were accommodated within the interlayer spaces of the TNS films. The two types of obtained films were then soaked in an aqueous sodium tetrahydroborate (NaBH4) solution, whereupon the color of the films immediately changed from colorless to purple, suggesting the formation of AuNPs within the TNS interlayer. When only TNS/MV2+ was used as the intermediate film, the color of the film gradually changed from metallic purple to dusty purple within 30 min, suggesting that aggregation of AuNPs had occurred. In contrast, this color change was suppressed by using the TNS/2-AET+ intermediate film, and the AuNPs were stabilized for over 4 months, as evidenced by the characteristic extinction (absorption and scattering) band from the AuNPs.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Situ Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles without Aggregation in the Interlayer Space of Layered Titanate Transparent Films at JoVE.com

In Situ Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles without Aggregation in the Interlayer Space of Layered Titanate Transparent Films

Burada, AuNPs agregasyonu olmadan katmanlı titanat filmlerin ara kat alanı içinde altın nano partiküller (AuNPs) yerinde sentezi için bir protokol mevcut. Hiçbir spektral değişiklik bile 4 ay sonra gözlenmiştir. sentezlenmiş malzemenin kataliz, foto-kataliz, ve düşük maliyetli plasmonik cihazların geliştirilmesinde uygulamaları beklenen yer alır.

Katmanlı Titanate Şeffaf Filmleri Interlayers Uzayda Toplama olmadan Altın Nanopartiküller Yerinde Sentez

Combinations of metal oxide semiconductors and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been investigated as new types of materials. The in situ synthesis of AuNPs ...

in-situ-synthesis-gold-nanoparticles-without-aggregation-interlayer

Nanyang Technological University

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

In Situ Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles without Aggregation in the Interlayer Space of Layered Titanate Transparent Films

8.0K Görüntüleme.  Niigata University.  Burada, AuNPs agregasyonu olmadan katmanlı titanat filmlerin ara kat alanı içinde altın nano partiküller (AuNPs) yerinde sentezi için bir protokol mevcut. Hiçbir spektral değişiklik bile 4 ay sonra gözlenmiştir. sentezlenmiş malzemenin kataliz, foto-kataliz, ve düşük maliyetli plasmonik cihazların geliştirilmesinde uygulamaları beklenen yer alır. 

Video: In Situ Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles without Aggregation in the Interlayer Space of Layered Titanate Transparent Films

Synthesis and Functionalization of Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanotube Cups with Gold Nanoparticles as Cork Stoppers

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes consist of many cup-shaped graphitic compartments termed as nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube cups (NCNCs). These as-synthesized graphitic nanocups from chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method were stacked in a head-to-tail fashion held only through noncovalent interactions. Individual NCNCs can be isolated out of their stacking structure through a series of chemical and physical separation processes. First, as-synthesized NCNCs were oxidized in a mixture of strong acids to introduce oxygen-containing defects on the graphitic walls. The oxidized NCNCs were then processed using high-intensity probe-tip sonication which effectively separated the stacked NCNCs into individual graphitic nanocups. Owing to their abundant oxygen and nitrogen surface functionalities, the resulted individual NCNCs are highly hydrophilic and can be effectively functionalized with gold nanoparticles (GNPs), which preferentially fit in the opening of the cups as cork stoppers. These graphitic nanocups corked with GNPs may find promising applications as nanoscale containers and drug carriers.

We discussed the synthesis of individual graphitic nanocups using a series of techniques including chemical vapor deposition, acid oxidation and probe-tip sonication. By citrate reduction of HAuCl4, the graphitic nanocups were effectively corked with gold nanoparticles due to the chemically reactive edges of the cups.

Mantar Tıpa olarak Altın Nanopartiküller ile Azot-katkılı Karbon Nanotube Bardaklar sentezi ve fonksiyonlandırmalar

Nitrogen-doped carbon  nanotubes consist of many cup-shaped graphitic compartments termed as  nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube cups (NCNCs).  These ...

Mühendislik

Detection and Recovery of Palladium, Gold and Cobalt Metals from the Urban Mine Using Novel Sensors/Adsorbents Designated with Nanoscale Wagon-wheel-shaped Pores

Developing low-cost, efficient processes for recovering and recycling palladium, gold and cobalt metals from urban mine remains a significant challenge in industrialized countries. Here, the development of optical mesosensors/adsorbents (MSAs) for efficient recognition and selective recovery of Pd(II), Au(III), and Co(II) from urban mine was achieved. A simple, general method for preparing MSAs based on using high-order mesoporous monolithic scaffolds was described. Hierarchical cubic Ia3d wagon-wheel-shaped MSAs were fabricated by anchoring chelating agents (colorants) into three-dimensional pores and micrometric particle surfaces of the mesoporous monolithic scaffolds. Findings show, for the first time, evidence of controlled optical recognition of Pd(II), Au(III), and Co(II) ions and a highly selective system for recovery of Pd(II) ions (up to ~95%) in ores and industrial wastes. Furthermore, the controlled assessment processes described herein involve evaluation of intrinsic properties (e.g., visual signal change, long-term stability, adsorption efficiency, extraordinary sensitivity, selectivity, and reusability); thus, expensive, sophisticated instruments are not required. Results show evidence that MSAs will attract worldwide attention as a promising technological means of recovering and recycling palladium, gold and cobalt metals.

Because of the importance and extensive use of palladium, gold and cobalt metals in high-technology equipment, their recovery and recycling constitute an important industrial challenge. The metal recovery system described herein is a simple, low-cost means for the effective detection, removal, and recovery of these metals from the urban mine.

Algılama ve Palladium Kurtarma Kentsel Madeninde Altın ve Kobalt Metal Nano Wagon tekerlekli şeklindeki Porların ile Belirlenmiş Yeni Sensörler / adsorbanlar kullanma

Developing low-cost, efficient processes for recovering and recycling palladium, gold and cobalt metals from urban mine remains a significant challenge in ...

Fabrication and Characterization of Superconducting Resonators

Superconducting microwave resonators are of interest for a wide range of applications, including for their use as microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) for the detection of faint astrophysical signatures, as well as for quantum computing applications and materials characterization. In this paper, procedures are presented for the fabrication and characterization of thin-film superconducting microwave resonators. The fabrication methodology allows for the realization of superconducting transmission-line resonators with features on both sides of an atomically smooth single-crystal silicon dielectric. This work describes the procedure for the installation of resonator devices into a cryogenic microwave testbed and for cool-down below the superconducting transition temperature. The set-up of the cryogenic microwave testbed allows one to do careful measurements of the complex microwave transmission of these resonator devices, enabling the extraction of the properties of the superconducting lines and dielectric substrate (e.g., internal quality factors, loss and kinetic inductance fractions), which are important for device design and performance.

Superconducting microwave resonators are of interest for detection of light, quantum computing applications and materials characterization. This work presents a detailed procedure for fabrication and characterization of superconducting microwave resonator scattering parameters.

Süperiletken Rezonatörler Fabrikasyon ve Karakterizasyonu

Superconducting microwave resonators are of interest for a wide range of applications, including for their use as microwave kinetic inductance detectors ...

Electrospray Deposition of Uniform Thickness Ge23Sb7S70 and As40S60 Chalcogenide Glass Films

Solution-based electrospray film deposition, which is compatible with continuous, roll-to-roll processing, is applied to chalcogenide glasses. Two chalcogenide compositions are demonstrated: Ge23Sb7S70 and As40S60, which have both been studied extensively for planar mid-infrared (mid-IR) microphotonic devices. In this approach, uniform thickness films are fabricated through the use of computer numerical controlled (CNC) motion. Chalcogenide glass (ChG) is written over the substrate by a single nozzle along a serpentine path. Films were subjected to a series of heat treatments between 100 &#176;C and 200 &#176;C under vacuum to drive off residual solvent and densify the films. Based on transmission Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and surface roughness measurements, both compositions were found to be suitable for the fabrication of planar devices operating in the mid-IR region. Residual solvent removal was found to be much quicker for the As40S60 film as compared to Ge23Sb7S70. Based on the advantages of electrospray, direct printing of a gradient refractive index (GRIN) mid-IR transparent coating is envisioned, given the difference in refractive index of the two compositions in this study.

Electrospray Deposition of Uniform Thickness Ge23Sb7S70 and As40S60 Chalcogenide Glass Films

A method of uniform thickness solution-derived chalcogenide glass film deposition is demonstrated using computer numerical controlled motion of a single-nozzle electrospray.

Düzgün kalınlığı Ge Elektro Biriktirme<sub&gt; 23</sub&gt; Sb<sub&gt; 7</sub&gt; S<sub&gt; 70</sub&gt; Ve de<sub&gt; 40</sub&gt; S<sub&gt; 60</sub&gt; Chalcogenide Cam Filmleri

Solution-based electrospray film deposition, which is compatible with continuous, roll-to-roll processing, is applied to chalcogenide glasses. Two ...

Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals

A spark plasma sintering apparatus was used as a novel method for diffusion bonding of two single crystals of strontium titanate to form bicrystals with one twist grain boundary. This apparatus utilizes high uniaxial pressure and a pulsed direct current for rapid consolidation of material. Diffusion bonding of strontium titanate bicrystals without fracture, in a spark plasma sintering apparatus, is possible at high pressures due to the unusual temperature dependent plasticity behavior of strontium titanate. We demonstrate a method for the successful formation of bicrystals at accelerated time scales and lower temperatures in a spark plasma sintering apparatus compared to bicrystals formed by conventional diffusion bonding parameters. Bond quality was verified by scanning electron microscopy. A clean and atomically abrupt interface containing no secondary phases was observed using transmission electron microscopy techniques. Local changes in bonding across the boundary was characterized by simultaneous scanning transmission electron microscopy and spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy.

A viable technique for the formation of strontium titanate bicrystals at high pressure and fast heating rate via the spark plasma sintering apparatus is developed.

Stronsiyum Titanate Bicrystals Oluşumunda Kullanılan Plazma Sinterleme Aparatı Spark

A spark plasma sintering apparatus was used as a novel method for diffusion bonding of two single crystals of strontium titanate to form bicrystals with ...

Fabrication of Ultra-thin Color Films with Highly Absorbing Media Using Oblique Angle Deposition

Ultra-thin film structures have been studied extensively for use as optical coatings, but performance and fabrication challenges remain.&#160; We present an advanced method for fabricating ultra-thin color films with improved characteristics. The proposed process addresses several fabrication issues, including large area processing. Specifically, the protocol describes a process for fabricating ultra-thin color films using an electron beam evaporator for oblique angle deposition of germanium (Ge) and gold (Au) on silicon (Si) substrates.&#160; Film porosity produced by the oblique angle deposition induces color changes in the ultra-thin film. The degree of color change depends on factors such as deposition angle and film thickness. Fabricated samples of the ultra-thin color films showed improved color tunability and color purity. In addition, the measured reflectance of the fabricated samples was converted into chromatic values and analyzed in terms of color. Our ultra-thin film fabricating method is expected to be used for various ultra-thin film applications such as flexible color electrodes, thin film solar cells, and optical filters. Also, the process developed here for analyzing the color of the fabricated samples is broadly useful for studying various color structures.

We present a detailed method for fabricating ultra-thin color films with improved characteristics for optical coatings. The oblique angle deposition technique using an electron beam evaporator allows improved color tunability and purity. Fabricated films of Ge and Au on Si substrates were analyzed by reflectance measurements and color information conversion.

Eğik açısı ifade kullanarak medya yüksek emici ile Ultra ince renk filmleri imalatı

Ultra-thin film structures have been studied extensively for use as optical coatings, but performance and fabrication challenges remain.&#160; We present ...

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

We demonstrate the use of two nuclear-based analytical methods that can follow the modifications of microstructural arrangement of iron-based metallic glasses (MGs). Despite their amorphous nature, the identification of hyperfine interactions unveils faint structural modifications. For this purpose, we have employed two techniques that utilize nuclear resonance among nuclear levels of a stable 57Fe isotope, namely M&#246;ssbauer spectrometry and nuclear forward scattering (NFS) of synchrotron radiation. The effects of heat treatment upon (Fe2.85Co1)77Mo8Cu1B14 MG are discussed using the results of ex situ and in situ experiments, respectively. As both methods are sensitive to hyperfine interactions, information on structural arrangement as well as on magnetic microstructure is readily available. M&#246;ssbauer spectrometry performed ex situ describes how the structural arrangement and magnetic microstructure appears at room temperature after the annealing under certain conditions (temperature, time), and thus this technique inspects steady states. On the other hand, NFS data are recorded in situ during dynamically changing temperature and NFS examines transient states. The use of both techniques provides complementary information. In general, they can be applied to any suitable system in which it is important to know its steady state but also transient states.

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Here, we present a protocol to describe ex situ and in situ investigations of structural transformations in metallic glasses. We employed nuclear-based analytical methods which inspect hyperfine interactions. We demonstrate the applicability of M&#246;ssbauer spectrometry and nuclear forward scattering of synchrotron radiation during temperature-driven experiments.

Ex Situ ve yapısal dönüşümleri in Situ soruşturma yöntemleri: Metalik gözlük kristalleşme olgusu

We demonstrate the use of two nuclear-based analytical methods that can follow the modifications of microstructural arrangement of iron-based metallic ...

Controllable Nucleation of Cavitation from Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles for Enhancing High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Applications

In this study, plasmonic gold nanoparticles were simultaneously exposed to pulsed near-infrared laser light and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for the controllable nucleation of cavitation in tissue-mimicking gel phantoms. This in vitro protocol was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, for both enhancement of imaging and therapeutic applications for cancer. The same apparatus can be used for both imaging and therapeutic applications by varying the exposure duration of the HIFU system. For short duration exposures (10 &#181;s), broadband acoustic emissions were generated through the controlled nucleation of inertial cavitation around the gold nanoparticles. These emissions provide direct localization of nanoparticles. For future applications, these particles may be functionalized with molecular-targeting antibodies (e.g. anti-HER2 for breast cancer) and can provide precise localization of cancerous regions, complementing routine diagnostic ultrasound imaging. For continuous wave (CW) exposures, the cavitation activity was used to increase the localized heating from the HIFU exposures resulting in larger thermal damage in the gel phantoms. The acoustic emissions generated from inertial cavitation activity during these CW exposures was monitored using a passive cavitation detection (PCD) system to provide feedback of cavitation activity. Increased localized heating was only achieved through the unique combination of nanoparticles, laser light and HIFU. Further validation of this technique in pre-clinical models of cancer is necessary.

This protocol demonstrates the controllable nucleation of cavitation in gel phantoms, through simultaneous exposure to both near-infrared pulsed laser light and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). The cavitation activity can then be used for enhancing imaging and/or therapeutic uses of HIFU.

Kavitasyon yüksek yoğunluklu arttırmak için Plazmonik altın nano tanecikleri üzerinden kontrol edilebilir çekirdekleşme ultrason uygulamaları odaklı

In this study, plasmonic gold nanoparticles were simultaneously exposed to pulsed near-infrared laser light and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ...

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948;/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates

Here, we demonstrate a method of coating ferromagnetic La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) nanoparticles on (001) SrTiO3 (STO) single-crystal substrates by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. LSMO nanoparticles were deposited with diameters from 10 to 20 nm and heights between 20 and 50 nm. At the same time, (Gd) Ba2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948; ((Gd) BCO) films were fabricated on both undecorated and LSMO nanoparticle decorated STO substrates using RF magnetron sputtering. This report also describes the properties of GdBa2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948;/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 quasi-bilayer films structures (e.g., crystalline phase, morphology, chemical composition); magnetization, magneto-transport, and superconducting transport properties were also evaluated.

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7ÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¢Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬Â 'ÃƒÆ’Ã…Â½ Â´/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 STO Single-crystal Substrates

Here, we present a protocol to grow LSMO nanoparticles and (Gd) BCO films on (001) SrTiO3 (STO) single-crystal substrates by radio frequency (RF)-sputtering.

Radyo frekansı Magnetron GdBa2Cu3O7−δfışkırtması / La0,67Sr0,33MnO3 yarı bilayer Filmler SrTiO3 (STO) tek-kristal yüzeyler üzerinde

Here, we demonstrate a method of coating ferromagnetic La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) nanoparticles on (001) SrTiO3 (STO) single-crystal substrates by radio ...

An Efficient Method for Selective Desalination of Radioactive Iodine Anions by Using Gold Nanoparticles-Embedded Membrane Filter

Here, we demonstrate a detail protocol for the preparation of nanomaterials-embedded composite membranes and its application to the efficient and ion-selective removal of radioactive iodines. By using citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (mean diameter: 13 nm) and cellulose acetate membranes, gold nanoparticle-embedded cellulose acetate membranes (Au-CAM) have easily been fabricated. The nano-adsorbents on Au-CAM were highly stable in the presence of high concentration of inorganic salts and organic molecules. The iodide ions in aqueous solutions could rapidly be captured by this engineered membrane. Through a filtration process using an Au-CAM containing filter unit, excellent removal efficiency (&gt;99%) as well as ion-selective desalination result was achieved in a short time. Moreover, Au-CAM provided good reusability without significant decrease of its performances. These results suggested that the present technology using the engineered hybrid membrane will be a promising process for the large-scale decontamination of radioactive iodine from liquid wastes.

An efficient method for the rapid and ion-selective desalination of radioactive iodine in several aqueous solutions is described by using gold nanoparticles-immobilized cellulose acetate membrane filters.